(2017·黄山模拟)Whatdoyouusuallydotocomfortyourfriendswhe...

问题详情：

    (2017·黄山模拟)What do you usually do to comfort your friends when they are feeling sad or depressed？You probably pat them on the back or shoulder，or maybe you give them a big，warm hug.

We used to think that knowing when and how to comfort others was an ability that only humans scientists have discovered that apes(猩猩)have this ability，too，according to a study published in the Journal of theProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Two researchers from Emory University in Atlanta，US，went to an Ape Protection Centre in Congo to study bonobos(倭黑猩猩)，which are closely related to humans.

The researchers analyzed the bonobos' reactions after more than 370 cases of stressful situations，such as fights and losing temper，and found that some bonobos rushed to hug those that were screaming after being attacked，just like humans would have done.

However，researchers noted that not all bonobos were capable of comforting the protection centre，many bonobos are orphans whose mothers were killed by were found to be more anxious in times of tension and have greater difficulty controlling their own emotions，making them worse at reaching out to help friends in need.

“Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others，”Professor Frans de Waal，one of the researchers，told TheTelegraph.“Bonobos with moms were able to curb their negative emotional reactions more efore，they pay more attention to others.”

This pattern mirrors the way that human children have been found to e who seem more capable of handling their own emotions—for example，the ones who can calm themselves down more quickly after upsetting experiences—are usually better at expressing their concerns for others.

112．The 4th paragraph is mainly developed by________．

A．making comparisons

B．following time order

C．giving examples

D．presenting causes and effects

113．The underlined word“curb”in the 6th paragraph probably means“________”．

A．express                                                     B．observe

C．hide                                                          D．control

114．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Orphan bonobos never give a hand to friends.

B．There were 370 bonobos involved in the research.

C．Moms play a significant role in handling kids' emotions.

D．The ability to comfort others is unique to human beings.

115．What's the main purpose of this passage?

A．To provide better protection for Apes.

B．To inform readers of a new study.

C．To uncover the mystery of Apes.

D．To compare human behaviors with Apes'.

【回答】

112．A

113．D

114．C

115．B

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是科学家的一项新的研究发现。我们曾经认为知道何时以及如何安慰他人是只有人类才具备的能力，但科学家们发现,猩猩也有这个能力。

112．推理判断题。根据第四段The researchers analyzed the bonobos' reactions after more than 370 cases of stressful situations，such as fights and losing temper，and found that some bonobos rushed to hug those that were screaming after being attacked，just like humans would have done.研究人员分析了370多起类似打架和发脾气等应*境后倭黑猩猩的反应，发现一些倭黑猩猩在受到攻击后会冲过去拥抱那些尖叫的人，就像人类一样。由此判断出，第四段主要通过对比展开。故选A。

113．词义猜测题。根据第六段的Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others…可知，没有母亲帮助他们控制情绪的孤儿，在安慰他人方面会差得多……。由此可知，有母亲的黑猩猩能够抑制他们的负面情绪反应。由此可知，此处表示“控制”。故选D项。

114．细节理解题。根据第六段的Orphans，who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them handling their emotions，are much worse at comforting others…可知，没有母亲帮助他们控制情绪的孤儿，在安慰他人方面会差得多。可知母亲在控制孩子情感方面起着重要的作用。故选C。

115．主旨大意题。我们曾经认为知道何时以及如何安慰他人是只有人类才具备的能力。但科学家们发现,猩猩也有这个能力。所以第一、二段提出科学家的一项新的研究发现，后面的段落就围绕这个话题展开，所以文章的主要目的就是告知这一发现。故选B。

知识点：其他

题型：阅读理解