Haveyoueverknowanyonewhosufferedfromarthritis(关节炎)?Many...

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Have you ever know anyone who suffered from arthritis(关节炎)? Many people who suffer from the disease use cortisone(可的松)to keep their arthritis under control. Cortisone is cheap and easily available now. but because it once had to be made form animals, cortisone cost so much –up to 50 dollars a pill---that only the rich could afford it. Then a brilliant chemist named Percy Lavon Julian figured out how to make cortisone from an unlikely source: soybeans.

Percy Julian was born in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1898, a time when most African-American children had no chance of getting a good education. But Julian’s father and mother were determined that all their children would be educated.

It wasn’t easy for Percy Julian. When he entered DePauw University in Indiana in 1921, he had to attend special classes, along with his regular college courses, to catch up. By the time the graduated, however, he was at the top of his class. Julian’s favorite subject was chemistry, and he decided to get his Ph.D. and become a research scientist. But he found that in the 1920s, very few American universities were willing to admit an African American into their graduate programs. So Julian took a teaching job at Fish University, a back college in Vienna, Austria, because European universities were than more open to African-American students than American universities.

On his return to the United States, he headed DePauw’s chemistry department from 1932 to 1936. During this period, Julian got married. In 1935, he made his first great laboratory breakthrough with he artificial creation of a drug used to treat the eye disease glaucoma(青光眼). Later he obtained a position at Glidden Company as a lab director in Chicago where he produced the first manmade cortisone. Julian’s techniques for making cortisone and other drugs from soybeans made these important substances(物质)widely and cheaply available, and earned Julian his reputation as one of the most brilliant research chemists of the 20th century.

21. In the past, cortisone made from animals was ________.

   A. not effective enough               B. potentially harmful

   C. too expensive                    D. difficult to produce

22. Which of the following is the correct order of the events about Julian?

   a. He receive a scholarship from Harvard University

   b. He went to Vienna for higher education

   c. He attended DePauw University

   d. He taught at Fisk University

  A. a-c-b-d              B. c-d-a-b          C. a-d-c-b       D. c-a-d-b

23. On his road to success, Julian had long been troubled by ___________.

   A. constant misunderstandings            B. financial difficulties

   C. mental pressure                      D. racial discrimination

24. Julian was most appreciated for _________.

   A. his method of creating cortisone

   B. his leadership at Glidden Company

   C. his breakthrough in the treatment of glaucoma

   D. his great contribution to African-American chemistry

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CBDA

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