(2018·浙*高考)StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstr...

问题详情：

(2018·浙*高考)Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles.  Eyeing these headwinds,_plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers' arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic­bag use it cancels out.  However,  longer­lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.  One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don't dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人们该用塑料袋还是环保袋或者两者都不使用，并分析了其原因。

1．What has Steven Stein been hired to do?

A．Help increase grocery sales.

B．Recycle the waste material.

C．Stop things falling off trucks.

D．Argue for the use of plastic bags.

2．What does the word “headwinds” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Bans on plastic bags.

B．Effects of city development.

C．Headaches caused by garbage.

D．Plastic bags hung in trees.

3．What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic­bag makers?

A．They are quite expensive.

B．Replacing them can be difficult.

C．They are less strong than plastic bags.

D．Producing them requires more energy.

4．What is the best title for the text?

A．Plastic, Paper or Neither

B．Industry, Pollution and Environment

C．Recycle or Throw Away

D．Garbage Collection and Waste Control

【回答】

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句并结合第二段最后一句中的“plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume”可知，塑料袋制造商雇佣Stein这样的科学家来为塑料购物袋的使用进行辩护。故选D。

2.A　词义猜测题。画线词是承接其上一句的内容描述，指在包括洛杉矶在内的加利福尼亚州的90个城市，塑料袋是禁止使用的。再结合画线词后的“to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume”可推断出，此处headwinds指的是“bans on plastic bags”，即对塑料袋的禁令。故选A。

3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句可知，环保袋的一个缺点是生产它们需要更多能源。故选D。

4.A　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段介绍了塑料袋的禁用及原因；第三、四段介绍了环保袋的使用及其缺点；再结合最后一段第二句可知，环境学家甚至希望某天也可以禁用纸袋。因此A项(到底是选择塑料袋，纸袋还是两者都不使用)准确地概括了文章的主题，适合作标题。故选A。

知识点：科普环保类阅读

题型：阅读理解